Foundation of Colonies Early 17th century Spanish explorers began to establish permanent colonies in North Americas Difficult life in colonial societies Settlers expected to sustain their communities. About the Show Gripping drama set in the turbulent 1680s. This sequel to The Devil's Whore follows two young men and two young women who commit their lives to a fairer future, with blood, passion.
Ch. 24 New Worlds The America S And Oceania
Summary: Chapter 23
Bob Ewell’s threats are worrisometo everyone except Atticus. Atticus tells Jem and Scout that becausehe made Ewell look like a fool, Ewell needed to get revenge. Nowthat Ewell has gotten that vengefulness out of his system, Atticusexpects no more trouble. Aunt Alexandra and the children remainworried. Meanwhile, Tom Robinson has been sent to another prisonseventy miles away while his appeal winds through the court system.Atticus feels that his client has a good chance of being pardoned.When Scout asks what will happen if Tom loses, Atticus replies thatTom will go to the electric chair, as rape is a capital offensein Alabama.
Jem and Atticus discuss the justice of executing men forrape. The subject then turns to jury trials and to how all twelvemen could have convicted Tom. Atticus tells Jem that in an Alabamacourt of law, a white man’s word always beats a black man’s, andthat they were lucky to have the jury out so long. In fact, oneman on the jury wanted to acquit—amazingly, it was one of the Cunninghams. Upon hearingthis revelation, Scout announces that she wants to invite young WalterCunningham to dinner, but Aunt Alexandra expressly forbids it, tellingher that the Finches do not associate with trash.
Ch. 24 New Worlds Biggest
Scout grows furious, and Jem hastily takes her out ofthe room. In his bedroom, Jem reveals his minimal growth of chesthair and tells Scout that he is going to try out for the footballteam in the fall. They discuss the class system—why their aunt despisesthe Cunninghams, why the Cunninghams look down on the Ewells, who hateblack people, and other such matters. After being unable to figureout why people go out of their way to despise each other, Jem suggestsBoo Radley does not come out of his house because he does not wantto leave it.
Summary: Chapter 24
One day in August, Aunt Alexandra invites hermissionary circle to tea. Scout, wearing a dress, helps Calpurniabring in the tea, and Alexandra invites Scout to stay with the ladies.Scout listens to the missionary circle first discuss the plightof the poor Mrunas, a benighted African tribe being converted toChristianity, and then talk about how their own black servants havebehaved badly ever since Tom Robinson’s trial. Miss Maudie shutsup their prattle with icy remarks. Suddenly, Atticus appears and callsAlexandra to the kitchen. There he tells her, Scout, Calpurnia,and Miss Maudie that Tom Robinson attempted to escape and was shotseventeen times. He takes Calpurnia with him to tell the Robinsonfamily of Tom’s death. Alexandra asks Miss Maudie how the town canallow Atticus to wreck himself in pursuit of justice. Maudie repliesthat the town trusts him to do right. They return with Scout tothe missionary circle, managing to act as if nothing is wrong.
Ch. 24 New Worlds Wiki
Summary: Chapter 25
September has begun and Jem and Scout are on the backporch when Scout notices a roly-poly bug. She is about to mash itwith her hand when Jem tells her not to. She dutifully places thebug outside. When she asks Jem why she shouldn’t have mashed it,he replies that the bug didn’t do anything to harm her. Scout observesthat it is Jem, not she, who is becoming more and more like a girl.Her thoughts turn to Dill, and she remembers him telling her thathe and Jem ran into Atticus as they started home from swimming duringthe last two days of August. Jem had convinced Atticus to let themaccompany him to Helen Robinson’s house, where they saw her collapse evenbefore Atticus could say that her husband, Tom, was dead. Meanwhile,the news occupies Maycomb’s attention for about two days, and everyoneagrees that it is typical for a black man to do something irrationallike try to escape. Mr. Underwood writes a long editorial condemningTom’s death as the murder of an innocent man. The only other significantreaction comes when Bob Ewell is overheard saying that Tom’s deathmakes “one down and about two more to go.” Summer ends and Dillleaves.
Analysis: Chapters 23–25
When he reassures his family that Bob Ewell does not reallyintend to harm him, Atticus advises Jem to stand in Bob Ewell’sshoes, echoing the advice that he gives Scout earlier in the noveland evoking one of the most important moral themes in the book.Here, however, Atticus’s attempt to understand another human fallsshort: he makes an honest mistake in his analysis by failing tounderstand the depth of Ewell’s anger toward him. Aunt Alexandrais more insightful, maintaining that a man like Ewell will do anythingto get revenge. Although her comments seem typical of her tendencyto stereotype “those people” who are different from the Finches,her analysis of Ewell proves correct. For all her faults, Aunt Alexandra gains,by way of her stereotypes, a basically reliable understanding ofthe people of Maycomb.
| 1209036790 | What was Doña Marina's role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs?A) She unwittingly infected many of her people with smallpox.B) She betrayed the secret entrance to Tenochtitlan.C) She bore Cortés a child, who would bring unity among both peoples.D) She could speak several native languages and served as an interpreter.E) She was the first Catholic convert. | D) She could speak several native languages and served as an interpreter. | 0 |
| 1209036791 | The first indigenous people that the Spanish empire dispossessed of their lands and forced into labor were theA) Aztecs.B) Incas.C) Iroquois.D) Maya.E) Taíno. | E) Taíno. | 1 |
| 1209036792 | The labor system that compelled native workers to labor in Spanish mines and fields in exchange for protection and Christian conversion was known asA) the encomienda system.B) the hacienda.C) slavery.D) indentured servitude.E) the repartimiento system. | A) the encomienda system. | 2 |
| 1209036793 | Which of the following was NOT a significant factor in Cortés's defeat of the Aztec empire?A) superior Spanish technology, especially swords, muskets, cannons, and horsesB) a devastating smallpox epidemicC) the inadequate defenses of TenochtitlanD) the resentment of many indigenous peoples to Aztec ruleE) All these answers are correct, as none were factors in the defeat of the Aztecs. | C) the inadequate defenses of Tenochtitlan | 3 |
| 1209036794 | In colonial governments, the power of the Spanish viceroy was kept in check by the authority ofA) the Catholic church.B) the audiencias.C) the colonial legislature.D) the Spanish crown.E) the colonial militias. | D) the Spanish crown. | 4 |
| 1209036795 | How did Portugal gain an empire in Brazil?A) Portuguese mariners were first to explore the Amazon basin.B) The Treaty of Tordesillas, designed to divide the Atlantic between Spain and Portugal, unintentionally granted Brazil to Portugal.C) Initially, the Spanish had no interest in South America.D) Brazilian natives successfully resisted Spanish invaders.E) None of these answers is correct. | B) The Treaty of Tordesillas, designed to divide the Atlantic between Spain and Portugal, unintentionally granted Brazil to Portugal. | 5 |
| 1209036796 | The English settlements in North America grew slowly at first becauseA) of the large, densely-populated Indian communities that dominated the coast.B) the first English settlements did not prepare sufficient food crops.C) the colonies did not produce commodities that Europeans were eager to buy.D) the English government did not support or protect the colonies.E) All these answers are correct. | B) the first English settlements did not prepare sufficient food crops. | 6 |
| 1209036797 | One significant difference in the administration of English colonies compared to their Spanish counterparts wasA) the Spanish crown was less actively involved in the government of their colonies.B) English governors were elected directly by the colonists, while Spanish viceroys were appointed by the crown.C) Spanish colonies had powerful local assemblies, while the English did not.D) English colonies were often financed by private investors, who retained control over colonial affairs.E) the church played a greater role in the administration of Spanish colonies. | D) English colonies were often financed by private investors, who retained control over colonial affairs. | 7 |
| 1209036798 | How did European settlers in North America legally justify seizing lands from native North American peoples?A) The settlers negotiated treaties.B) Because the native Americans were not Christian, they had no right to the land.C) Because the native Americans were hunters and gatherers rather than farmers, their claims to the land were not considered valid.D) The settlers established squatters' rights on unoccupied lands.E) By defeating the native Americans in battle, the English and French claimed the land as a spoil of war. | A) The settlers negotiated treaties. | 8 |
| 1209036799 | A mestizo is aA) person born in Spain who immigrated to the New World.B) person of Spanish descent born in the New World.C) person of mixed Spanish and indigenous descent.D) person of mixed African and indigenous descent.E) person of mixed Spanish and African descent. | C) person of mixed Spanish and indigenous descent. | 9 |
| 1209036800 | Criollos differed from peninsulares only in thatA) they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere.B) their mothers were part native.C) they had no land and were economically dependent.D) they had not yet been baptized in the Catholic church.E) they were indentured servants, while peninsulares were free. | A) they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere. | 10 |
| 1209036801 | The most valuable commodity for the Spanish in the Americas wasA) minerals like silver and gold.B) sugar and rum.C) tobacco.D) furs.E) timber. | A) minerals like silver and gold. | 11 |
| 1209036802 | How did the mining industries of the Americas stimulate global economic growth?A) Mining increased the demand for labor, sparking the growth of an indigenous middle class.B) Mineral ores from Mexico provided the raw materials for European manufacturing.C) The sale of slaves to the mines by the Portuguese resulted in the Portuguese spending their wealth throughout Europe and Africa.D) The Spanish quinto circulated throughout European and Asian markets.E) All these answers are correct. | D) The Spanish quinto circulated throughout European and Asian markets. | 12 |
| 1209036803 | Which of the following is NOT true of the mita system?A) It was used by the Spanish at Potosí.B) It had been used by the Incas.C) It was a form of slavery, in that workers were not paid.D) It led to high rates of death among workers.E) It affected a large portion of the indigenous population. | C) It was a form of slavery, in that workers were not paid. | 13 |
| 1209036804 | The labor system that dominated on haciendas of Spanish America wasA) indentured servitude.B) slavery.C) the mita system.D) the encomienda system.E) wage labor. | D) the encomienda system. | 14 |
| 1209036805 | Why did the production of sugar differ from that of other agricultural commodities of the western hemisphere?A) Sugar production was particularly hard on the environment.B) Sugarcane required extensive processing to turn it into a profitable export.C) African slaves were the only people who knew how to grow sugarcane.D) Sugar was extremely profitable with very little investment.E) It was only possible to grow in Brazil, and it had an extremely short growing season. | B) Sugarcane required extensive processing to turn it into a profitable export. | 15 |
| 1209036806 | Which of the following was NOT a typical result of the North American fur trade?A) intense competition and even warfare among indigenous peoples for European tradeB) intense competition among French, Dutch, and English fur tradersC) the decimation of the beaver population in North AmericaD) hostile relations between European traders and Native American trappersE) the introduction of European manufactured goods to indigenous peoples | D) hostile relations between European traders and Native American trappers | 16 |
| 1209036808 | Indentured servants who worked off their contracts in the colonies oftenA) returned disappointed to Europe.B) hoped to become wealthy plantation-owners.C) hoped to become active in the politics of the colonies.D) hoped to become independent artisans or planters.E) remained in debt for many years. | D) hoped to become independent artisans or planters. | 17 |
| 1209036811 | Why were the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and South America more likely to accept Christianity than were the peoples of North America?A) Mesoamerican and South American peoples found many similarities between their religions and Catholicism.B) North American peoples were more geographically scattered, and thus more difficult for missionaries to reach.C) Catholic missionaries in Spanish America were more tolerant of native cultures than were the Protestant missionaries in North America.D) Catholic rule in the New World was more generous and enlightened than the English or the French rule.E) None of these answers is correct. | B) North American peoples were more geographically scattered, and thus more difficult for missionaries to reach. | 18 |
| 1209036813 | The first explorers to Australia were not interested in settlement becauseA) the first explorers were driven away by hostile aborigines.B) the first explorers could not sail across the Great Barrier Reef.C) the land appeared too densely forested to settle easily.D) Australia was too far from European markets.E) All these answers are correct. | C) the land appeared too densely forested to settle easily. | 19 |